老一辈人比年轻人更相信减肥是他们自己的责任。
专家表示,老年人具有“闪电战精神”和“自力更生”意识,而年轻人则更倾向于将他们的困境归咎于“有毒”的垃圾食品环境。
这项针对近1.5万名肥胖者的研究发现,不同年龄段的人对超重的态度存在明显差异。
在平均年龄为70岁的婴儿潮一代中,大多数人认为减肥是个人责任问题。但只有少数千禧一代认同这种观点。
这项主要研究发现,老年人也不愿意寻求体重问题的帮助——与健康专家讨论体重问题的平均时间为9年,而年轻人则为5年。
但一旦得到健康专家的建议,老年人比年轻一代更有可能遵循。
总体而言,63%的老年人使用医生推荐的饮食方法,而年轻一代的这一比例为51%。
专家表示,老一辈人被教导要比后代人更加“自力更生”,并呼吁全科医生确保有体重问题的老年患者得到帮助,帮助他们减肥。
他们还说,年轻人推卸个人责任是错误的,这种态度导致了创纪录的肥胖率。
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研究还表明,老年人想要减肥以促进健康,而年轻人的主要动力是他们的外表。
在过去的三十年里,肥胖率几乎翻了一番,现在英格兰26%的成年人肥胖,比1991年的14%有所上升。此外,38%的人超重。
许多肥胖专家将肥胖人数的上升归咎于越来越容易导致肥胖的环境以及快餐和方便食品的兴起。
但在都柏林举行的欧洲肥胖大会上发表的这项新研究也表明,人们对节食的态度发生了重大转变。
在65岁及以上的受访者中,58%的人认为减肥是他们唯一的责任,而在平均年龄为41岁的年轻受访者中,只有40%的人这么认为。
这项国际研究涉及14502名肥胖人群,由以色列拉宾医学中心的研究人员领导,利兹大学的专家以及沙特阿拉伯和澳大利亚的科学家也参与了这项研究。
欧洲肥胖研究协会(EASO)主席、该研究报告的作者之一杰森·哈尔福德教授说,老年人“有不同的世界观,他们更加自力更生、坚忍。这有点像闪电战精神。”
他补充说:“老年人更有可能相信医生,并按照医生的建议去做,而年轻人可能更愿意征求医生的意见,但他们不一定会接受医生的建议。”
特拉维夫大学的德罗尔·迪克博士是EASO肥胖管理工作组的主要作者和联合主席,他说:“老年人的看法是,肥胖是一种生活方式的选择,而不是一种疾病。”
“年轻一代接受了快餐的环境和文化是部分原因。
他补充说:“当谈到减肥的障碍时,老年人比年轻人更有动力减肥。”
“老年患者就医的主要动机是健康,而不是外貌。年轻的患者希望看起来更瘦,穿更小的衣服,而老年人则担心与肥胖有关的疾病。他们希望身体感觉更好,精力更充沛。”
来自国家肥胖论坛的塔姆·弗莱说,健康专业人士应该注意到这些发现,并采取更多措施鼓励婴儿潮一代塑形。
他说:“在50年代和60年代长大的孩子,当NHS相对较新的时候,被教导要在健康问题上自力更生。
“如果你去看医生,你会按照他说的去做,因为医生最了解情况,这种心态可能仍然存在。
两代人之后,社会发生了根本性的变化。
“千禧一代开始认为减肥不是他们的责任,这种想法继续导致今天的流行。”
在这项研究中,51%的年轻人表示,缺乏动力阻碍了他们减肥,而在老年人中,这一比例为35%。
英国国家医疗服务体系(NHS Digital)最新的健康调查显示,在男性中,55岁至64岁的人群肥胖率最高,占33%。
65岁至74岁的女性肥胖率最高,占32%。
最新的研究发现,所有年龄组的人都不愿意使用减肥药物或手术,老年人对这种选择的兴趣要小得多。
总的来说,超过65岁的人中有80%选择了节食而不是药物,年轻一组中有71%的人选择了节食而不是手术,而年轻一组中有78%的人选择了手术。